Basic Photography Techniques

Basic techniques of photography, with an additional touch of creative and hard work, we can create a great picture that shows all your creations and interpretations of what is seen and taken of. Art perpetuate the image by using a camera called with Photography.
Photography comes from the Latin is: photos are light, light. Moderate graphein means writings, drawings or design shape. So, photography is a big write or draw with light. Dead or painting images obtained through the irradiation process by using light. Because in making the images we use a device called a camera, then of course we have to really master the instrument also includes a few basic techniques.

In using the camera we know what is called :

Focus
The focus is the point of fire.

Rana
Shutter speed is the curtain that moves up and down inside the camera that function to regulate how long the movie was about to irradiated. Rana has units with numbers: B-1-2-4-8-15-30-60-125-250-500-1000-2000. The size of the shutter unit can be determined by adjusting the large and small units of the shutter and aperture size.
There is some shutter in the camera. Among the shutter and aperture slit center. Rana gap there are two, namely: vertical and horizontal cracks Rana. Both are located inside the camera. He was in charge of closing the curtains and follow its function. Vertial shutter closes vertically and horizontally closes horizontally. Center is being Rana, Rana located on the lens adjacent to the diaphragm and closed by means converge.

Diaphragm
The diaphragm is a hole in the lens where light enters the camera during shooting. The diaphragm has some size or unit numbers. Each lens has different aperture respectively. Typically, the size of the diaphragm starts with 2.8 - 4 - 5.6 to 8 - 11 - 16-22. The size of aperture that we choose to produce images that are different. Small aperture will produce a vast space.

Medium large aperture will make a sharp narrow space (Blur). Or simply, it means opening the lens diaphragm. In effect, the greater the aperture, the greater the speed required, the higher speed. Other effects, the greater the aperture, the more narrow blade of space, meaning that the greater the blur effect for the area outside the chamber sharp focus.

Many ways and the intended use / selection of the diaphragm, which among others will certainly affect the context of the image we make. Suppose, for photographing the landscape, using any camera, try setting to the most narrow aperture (largest number) that may be achieved, then offset by the long exposure time settings as necessary (note the light meter).

But especially for shooting at night, sometimes we can not reach the most narrow openings because of limited exposure time of the shutter can not be too long, especially in the prosumer cameras are usually limited to just 13 seconds maximum. Fortunately for prosumer digital cameras this is not a problem. With the size of the sensor is much smaller than a 35mm film frame is wide enough space remains sharp, even though the diaphragm is set to f/3.5 for example. And, it all depends on how the photo we will create.

Exposure
Lighting is the process of film illuminated by light coming from outside the camera by controlling the size of the diaphragm and speed. In lighting, aperture diaphragm determines the intensity of light that passed the film. While the shutter speed determines the period of transmission of light.

There are several things you can do to determine the right combination of aperture with the speed. One of them by selecting the aperture priority. That is, the photographer can choose how large aperture to be used. Each of the selected aperture will make the outcome different images. When the photographer choose to use a high shutter, then it is useful to stop the action. Medium low shutter will make blurry action. As for taking pictures in places with less light then to overcome them by the photographer is using film with a high speed. For example Iso 400, 600, 800 or Iso 1600.

The way to measure the lighting is usually present in every camera. To measure the light to fit, we can mensiasatinya by measuring the palm of the hand or hold the camera we are about 30 cm from the object. So, we will mendapatan appropriate lighting. To get a good light in a photo shoot we will usually choose to take photos at 08:00 to 10:00 hours and 16:00 to 18:00. Usually in this time, the light in good condition, and not too hard.

In lighting there are several techniques that must be considered. Among them:

Front illumination, The light source comes from the front of the object. This light will produce a flat image.
Rear illumination, The light source coming from behind the object. With this light source such as the object that we take into shiluette (black). Shooting with the light source from behind to do if we want to make a photograph shiluete.
Lighting Side, Photographs by wearing light source from the side to make objects that we take will appear firmly. This light usually comes from the addition of other lighting such as lights, flashbulbs, and so forth.

Lens
The lens is a device consisting of several mirrors that serve to change the object into the shadow, inverted and real. Located in front of the camera lens. There beberpa types of lenses. Normal lens, wide lens (wide) and a long lens or commonly called a telephoto lens. Normal-sized lens focused throughout the 50 mm or 55 mm to 35 mm film size. Lens angle of view is almost identical to the human eye viewpoint.

In addition to a wide lens, there is also a telephoto lens. Wide lens usually has a focus 16-24mm wide. These lenses are suitable for taking landscape pictures. Telephoto lens is a lens that has a long focal length. These lenses can be used to obtain a sharp short space and perspective can generate near-real face. These lenses are usually sized 85mm, 135mm and 200mm.

Usually photographers use lenses according to his needs. If you want to photograph objects or close objects, or photographing the scenery, they usually use a normal lens or lenses with wide angles. But when the photographer wants to capture a particular moment with great distances, they usually use a telephoto lens. Thus, they need not bother to target objects, and they will work more easily.

In addition to the normal lens and a telephoto lens, there are also other types of lens commonly called a special lens or lens variation (special lense). Usually these lenses are used for specific purposes. For example fish eye lens (fish eye lens - 180 degrees). Taking photos with this lens the photographer will get unique results. However, this lens does not function to filter out anything except change the view to achieve the results that deviate from the usual photo shoot.

If photographers want to take objects with small size or shooting in close proximity (closer to the photographer to the object), commonly used lens is a macro lens. These lenses are usually also used for reproductive purposes because it can provide excellent quality and minimal distortion. For example: to photograph flowers, insects, etc..

In addition to equipment, to produce a good photograph we also have to consider several things such as: composition, light, line, shape, texture, appearance, color and vertical or horizontal

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